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Protective effects of Crataegus azarolus L. berries aqueous extract against castor oil–induced diarrhea, oxidative stress, and inflammation in rat
Author(s) -
Sammari Houcem,
Jedidi Saber,
Selmi Houcine,
Rtibi Kais,
Jabri MohamedAmine,
Jridi Mourad,
Zouari Nacim,
Toumi Lamjed,
Sebai Hichem
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
neurogastroenterology and motility
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.489
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1365-2982
pISSN - 1350-1925
DOI - 10.1111/nmo.14065
Subject(s) - castor oil , antioxidant , oxidative stress , chemistry , glutathione peroxidase , glutathione , superoxide dismutase , catalase , biochemistry , pharmacology , traditional medicine , food science , biology , medicine , enzyme
Abstract Background Diarrhea is a multifactorial gastrointestinal disorder responsible for about 5 million deaths annually. The chemical composition, the antioxidant activity of Crataegus azarolus berries aqueous extract (CABAE) as well as its protective effects against castor oil–induced diarrhea, oxidative stress, and inflammation in rat were studied. Methods Sixty male rats were used and divided into six groups of ten animals in each: Control (C), castor oil (CO), CO+various doses of CABAE (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg b . w ., p . o .), and CO+loperamide (LOP, 10 mg/kg b . w ., p . o .). Key Results The CABAE showed relatively high levels of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins. The LC‐HRESIMS technique allowed the identification of 5 phenolic compounds and the major component is quinic acid. In vivo studies showed that CABAE protected against castor oil–induced diarrhea and intestinal fluid accumulation. The CABAE counteracted castor oil–induced lipoperoxidation, preserved GSH and thiol groups levels, and prevented the depletion of antioxidant enzyme activities, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). The CABAE administration also protected against castor oil–induced inflammatory markers (ALP and CRP) increase. More importantly, castor oil induced an increase of intracellular mediators, such as hydrogen peroxide, free iron, and calcium, while CABAE pretreatment significantly reversed them to near control levels. Conclusion The Crataegus azarolus berries aqueous extract significantly protected against diarrhea due in part to its antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory properties.