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TLR2 and TLR4 interact with sulfide system in the modulation of mouse colonic motility
Author(s) -
Grasa Laura,
Abecia Leticia,
PeñaCearra Ainize,
Robles Sofia,
Layunta Elena,
Latorre Eva,
Mesonero José Emilio,
Forcén Raquel
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
neurogastroenterology and motility
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.489
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1365-2982
pISSN - 1350-1925
DOI - 10.1111/nmo.13648
Subject(s) - cystathionine beta synthase , tlr2 , tlr4 , motility , chemistry , contractility , cystathionine gamma lyase , medicine , biochemistry , endocrinology , pharmacology , biology , receptor , enzyme , microbiology and biotechnology , cysteine
Abstract Background H 2 S is a neuromodulator that may inhibit intestinal motility. H 2 S production in colon is yielded by cystathionine β‐synthase (CBS) and cystathionine γ‐lyase (CSE) enzymes and sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB). Toll‐like receptors (TLRs) recognize intestinal microbiota. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of TLR2 and TLR4 on the endogenous and SRB‐mediated synthesis of H 2 S and its consequences on the colonic motility of mouse. Methods Muscle contractility studies were performed in colon from WT, Tlr2 ‐/‐ , and Tlr4 ‐/‐ mice. The mRNA levels of TLR2, TLR4, CBS, CSE, and SRB were measured by real‐time PCR. Free sulfide levels in colon and feces were determined by colorimetric assays. Results NaHS and GYY4137, donors of H 2 S, reduced the contractility of colon. Aminooxyacetic acid (AOAA), inhibitor of CBS, and D‐L propargylglycine (PAG), inhibitor of CSE, increased the contractility of colon. In vivo treatment with NaHS or GYY4137 inhibited the spontaneous contractions and upregulated TLR2 expression. The in vivo activation of TLR4 with lipopolysaccharide increased the contractile response to PAG, mRNA levels of CSE, and the free sulfide levels of H 2 S in colon. In Tlr2 ‐/‐ and Tlr4 ‐/‐ mice, the contractions induced by AOAA and PAG and mRNA levels of CBS and CSE were lower with respect to WT mice. Deficiency of TLR2 or TLR4 provokes alterations in free sulfide levels and SRB of colon. Conclusions and Inferences Our study demonstrates interaction between TLR2 and TLR4 and the sulfide system in the regulation of colonic motility and contributes to the pathophysiology knowledge of intestinal motility disorders.