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Altered intestinal antibacterial gene expression response profile in irritable bowel syndrome is linked to bacterial composition and immune activation
Author(s) -
Bennet Sean M. P.,
Sundin Johanna,
Magnusson Maria K.,
Strid Hans,
Tap Julien,
Derrien Muriel,
Le Nevé Boris,
Doré Joël,
Törnblom Hans,
Simrén Magnus,
Öhman Lena
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
neurogastroenterology and motility
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.489
H-Index - 105
eISSN - 1365-2982
pISSN - 1350-1925
DOI - 10.1111/nmo.13468
Subject(s) - irritable bowel syndrome , immune system , ulcerative colitis , gene expression , medicine , immune dysregulation , feces , gastroenterology , gene , antibacterial activity , immunology , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , bacteria , disease , genetics
Abstract Background Immune activity and gut microbiota may impact the pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We aimed to determine whether antibacterial gene expression of immune activity‐defined IBS patients differed compared to healthy subjects (HS) and ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and whether antibacterial profiles reflected gut microbiota composition and IBS symptoms. Methods Expression of 84 antibacterial genes in biopsies from HS, IBS patients (clustered according to immune activity (systemic and intestinal cytokines): immunonormal or immunoactive), and UC patients was assessed by Human Antibacterial Response RT 2 Profiler PCR Array. In IBS patients, 16S rRNA gene sequencing of fecal and mucosal bacteria was performed and symptom pattern and severity were assessed. Key Results Intestinal antibacterial gene expression profiles differed between IBS patients (n = 31) and HS (n = 16), but did not differ between IBS subgroups based on bowel habit predominance or symptom severity. Based on previously identified IBS clusters, IBS patients with normal (n = 15) and enhanced immune activity (n = 16) had clearly separate antibacterial gene expression profiles from active UC patients (n = 12) and differed compared to each other and to HS. The differences in antibacterial gene expression profiles between immunonormal and immunoactive IBS patients were also reflected in distinct fecal and mucosal microbiota composition profiles, but not in symptom pattern or severity. Conclusions & Inferences This study demonstrates an altered antibacterial gene expression profile in IBS patients compared to HS and UC patients. While not linked to symptoms, immune activity‐defined IBS clusters showed different intestinal antibacterial gene expression and distinct fecal and mucosal bacterial profiles.