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Expression and clinical value of gastrin‐releasing peptide precursor in nephropathy and chronic kidney disease
Author(s) -
Dai Zhang,
Zhu Jianhui,
Huang Huibin,
Fang Lili,
Lin Yongzhi,
Huang Songjie,
Xie Fang,
Sheng Nan,
Liang Xianming
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
nephrology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1440-1797
pISSN - 1320-5358
DOI - 10.1111/nep.13642
Subject(s) - medicine , proteinuria , creatinine , renal function , nephropathy , kidney disease , endocrinology , urine , gastroenterology , urinary system , albumin , receiver operating characteristic , urology , kidney , diabetes mellitus
Aim To explore whether serum pro‐gastric releasing peptide (proGRP) is elevated in nephropathy patients and evaluate the diagnostic value of proGRP in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Methods A total of 498 nephropathy patients and 170 healthy were selected in Zhongshan Hospital, Medical College of Xiamen University, from February 2016 to September 2017. The clinical data of the different groups including serum proGRP, CKD grading, and other serum and urine renal function biomarkers were analyzed by group comparison, correlation analysis and receiver operating characteristic curve. Results Serum proGRP levels were significantly higher in the acute kidney injury and CKD groups compared with the other groups of kidney disease patients ( P < 0.01), and increased with CKD grading ( P < 0.01). Serum proGRP was substantially correlated with serum creatinine ( r = 0.637, P < 0.01) and cystain C (0.837, P < 0.01). Serum proGRP had moderate correlations with urine β2‐macroglobulin (β2‐m; r = 0.587, P < 0.01) and α1‐macroglobulin (α1‐m; r = 0.557, P < 0.01). There were fair associations of serum proGRP with albumin ( r = 0.10, P = 0.067), 24 h proteinuria (24 h‐TPU; r = 0.092, P = 0.099), urinary albumin/urocreatinine (uAlb/Cr; r = 0.29, P < 0.01) and urinary N‐acetyl‐β‐D‐glucosidase ( r = −0.142, P < 0.01). The sensitivity of proGRP was superior to that of simplified modification of diet in renal disease (MDRD) formula in diagnosing CKD I + II (81.25% vs 66.67%), CKD III (86.42% vs 74.36%) and CKD IV (71.19% vs 69.64%), while its specificity was inferior to that of simplified MDRD formula in diagnosing CKD I + II (37.65% vs 66.97%), CKD III (56.25% vs 86.67%) and CKD IV (75.31% vs 88.46%). Conclusion Serum proGRP is elevated in acute renal injury and CKD patients and increases with CKD grading. Serum proGRP is mainly affected by glomerular filtration rate and could be used for CKD staging, although the overall diagnostic sufficiency is inferior to simplified MDRD formula.