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Models of care for chronic kidney disease: A systematic review
Author(s) -
Nicoll Ruairidh,
Robertson Lynn,
Gemmell Elliot,
Sharma Pawana,
Black Corri,
Marks Angharad
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
nephrology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.752
H-Index - 61
eISSN - 1440-1797
pISSN - 1320-5358
DOI - 10.1111/nep.13198
Subject(s) - medicine , multidisciplinary approach , pharmacist , kidney disease , guideline , intensive care medicine , health care , medline , randomized controlled trial , data extraction , dialysis , chronic care , systematic review , protocol (science) , family medicine , alternative medicine , chronic disease , pharmacy , social science , pathology , sociology , political science , law , economics , economic growth
Aim Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is common and presents an increasing burden to patients and health services. However, the optimal model of care for patients with CKD is unclear. We systematically reviewed the clinical effectiveness of different models of care for the management of CKD. Methods A comprehensive search of eight databases was undertaken for articles published from 1992 to 2016. We included randomized controlled trials that assessed any model of care in the management of adults with pre‐dialysis CKD, reporting renal, cardiovascular, mortality and other outcomes. Data extraction and quality assessment was carried out independently by two authors. Results Results were summarized narratively. Nine articles (seven studies) were included. Four models of care were identified: nurse‐led, multidisciplinary specialist team, pharmacist‐led and self‐management. Nurse and pharmacist‐led care reported improved rates of prescribing of drugs relevant to CKD. Heterogeneity was high between studies and all studies were at high risk of bias. Nurse‐led care and multidisciplinary specialist care were associated with small improvements in blood pressure control. Conclusion Evidence of long term improvements in renal, cardiovascular or mortality endpoints was limited by short follow up. We found little published evidence about the effectiveness of different models of care to guide best practice for service design, although there was some evidence that models of care where health professionals deliver care according to a structured protocol or guideline may improve adherence to treatment targets.