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Magnetic resonance imaging markers for multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders
Author(s) -
Cao Guanmei,
Xu Siyao,
Xu Xiaolu,
Zhuo Zhizheng,
Duan Yunyun,
Liu Yaou
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
neurology and clinical neuroscience
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.125
0ISSN - 2049-4173
DOI - 10.1111/ncn3.12518
Subject(s) - medicine , multiple sclerosis , neuromyelitis optica , magnetic resonance imaging , spectrum disorder , demyelinating disorder , lesion , spinal cord , pathology , differential diagnosis , neuroscience , radiology , immunology , psychiatry , biology
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are two common inflammatory, demyelinating and neurodegenerative diseases of the CNS. It is clinically crucial to differentiate these two diseases since they have distinct treatment strategy and prognosis. MRI has an increasingly important role in the differential diagnosis of NMOSD from MS. Conventional MRI is sensitive and its objective is to demonstrate the lesion characteristics, including lesion number, size, and distribution, while the advanced MRI can offer the structural, functional, and other microscopic information. We herein review the current advances in the understanding of MRI study of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve in MS and NMOSD.