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Cell wall polysaccharides from pathogenic fungi for diagnosis of fungal infectious disease
Author(s) -
Ahamefula Osibe Dandy,
Lei Shuhan,
Wang Bin,
Jin Cheng,
Fang Wenxia
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
mycoses
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.13
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 1439-0507
pISSN - 0933-7407
DOI - 10.1111/myc.13101
Subject(s) - microbiology and biotechnology , galactomannan , cryptococcus neoformans , cell wall , candida albicans , biology , mannan , polysaccharide , aspergillus fumigatus , cryptococcus , aspergillosis , aspergillus , cryptococcosis , antigen , immunology , biochemistry
Invasive fungal diseases are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. Early and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment. Despite traditional methods such as microbiological culture, histopathology, radiology and direct microscopy are available, antigen/antibody‐based diagnostics are emerging for diagnosis of invasive fungal infections (IFI). Fungal cell wall is a unique structure composed of polysaccharides that are well correlated with fungal burden during fungal infections. Based on this feature, cell wall polysaccharides have been explored as antigens in IFIs diagnostics such as the galactomannan assay, mannan test, β‐glucan assay and cryptococcal CrAg test. Herein, we provide an overview on the cell wall polysaccharides from three opportunistic pathogens: Aspergillus fumigatus , Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans , and their applications for IFIs diagnosis. The clinical outcome of newly developed cell wall polysaccharides‐based diagnostics is also discussed.