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Outcomes of patients with invasive fusariosis who undergo further immunosuppressive treatments, is there a role for secondary prophylaxis?
Author(s) -
Nucci Marcio,
Shoham Shmuel,
Abdala Edson,
Hamerschlak Nelson,
Rico Juan Carlos,
Forghieri Fabio,
Nouér Simone A.,
Cappellano Paola,
Solza Cristiana,
Gonzaga Yung,
Nadali Giampaolo,
Nucci Fabio,
Colombo Arnaldo L.,
Albuquerque Ana Munhoz,
QueirozTelles Filho Flavio,
Lima Carlos B. L.,
ArraisRodrigues Celso,
Rocha Vanderson,
Marty Francisco M.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
mycoses
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.13
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 1439-0507
pISSN - 0933-7407
DOI - 10.1111/myc.12901
Subject(s) - fusariosis , medicine , immunology , dermatology , biology , fusarium , botany
Summary Background Patients treated for invasive aspergillosis may relapse during subsequent periods of immunosuppression and should receive secondary prophylaxis. Little is known about the frequency of relapse and practices of secondary prophylaxis for invasive fusariosis ( IF ). Objectives Evaluate practices of secondary prophylaxis and the frequency of relapse in patients who survived IF and were exposed to subsequent periods of immunosuppression. Methods Multicentre retrospective study of patients with haematological malignancies who developed IF , survived the initial fungal disease period, and were exposed to subsequent periods of immunosuppression. Results Among 40 patients, 35 received additional chemotherapy and developed neutropenia (median, 24 days; range, 4‐104), and five received glucocorticoids for the treatment of graft‐vs‐host disease. Overall, 32 patients received secondary prophylaxis (voriconazole in 24) for a median of 112 days (range, 12‐468). IF relapsed in five patients (12.5%): 2/8 (25%) not on prophylaxis and 3/32 (9.4%) receiving prophylaxis. Among 28 patients with disseminated IF , relapse occurred in 2/2 (100%) not on prophylaxis and in 3/26 (11.5%) on prophylaxis ( P = 0.03). All patients who relapsed IF died. Conclusions Patients with IF who survive the initial disease may relapse if exposed to subsequent episodes of immunosuppressive therapies. Secondary prophylaxis should be considered, especially if IF was disseminated.