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Inflammation and oxidative stress in corneal tissue in experimental keratitis due to Fusarium solani : Amelioration following topical therapy with voriconazole and epigallocatechin gallate
Author(s) -
Ruban Vasanthakumar V.,
Archana Philip T.,
Sundararajan Mahalingam,
Geraldine Pitchairaj,
Thomas Philip A.
Publication year - 2018
Publication title -
mycoses
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.13
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 1439-0507
pISSN - 0933-7407
DOI - 10.1111/myc.12718
Subject(s) - corneal inflammation , oxidative stress , fusarium solani , superoxide dismutase , keratitis , glutathione peroxidase , glutathione , voriconazole , corneal ulcer , malondialdehyde , cornea , medicine , inflammation , pathology , immunology , pharmacology , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , ophthalmology , biochemistry , enzyme , antifungal
Summary Combined antifungal and antioxidant therapy may help to reduce oxidative stress in fungal keratitis. Experimental Fusarium solani keratitis was induced by application of F. solani conidia to scarified cornea (right eye) of 16 rabbits (another four rabbits were negative controls [Group I]). Five days later, F. solani ‐infected animals began receiving hourly topical saline alone (Group II ), voriconazole (10 mg/ mL ) alone (Group III ), epigallocatechin gallate ( EGCG , 10 mg/ mL ) alone (Group IV ) or voriconazole and EGCG (Group V). Twenty days post‐inoculation, corneal lesions were graded. After animal sacrifice, excised corneas underwent histopathological and microbiological investigations. Corneal tissue levels/activities of interleukin 1 beta ( IL ‐1β) and tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF ‐α) gene mRNA transcripts, matrix metalloproteinase ( MMP ) 2 and 9 proteins, malondialdehyde ( MDA ) and reduced glutathione ( GSH ), and superoxide dismutase ( SOD ), catalase ( CAT ) and glutathione peroxidase ( GP x), were also measured. Clinical and histopathological scores (severity of corneal lesions; [ P < .05]) and mean levels ( P < .05) of IL ‐1β and TNF ‐α mRNA transcripts, MMP 2, MMP 9 and MDA were Group II > Groups IV and III > Groups V and I. Mean SOD , CAT , GP x and GSH levels ( P < .05) were Group II < Groups IV and III < Groups V and I. Topical voriconazole with EGCG apparently reduces inflammation in experimental F. solani keratitis, as manifested by improved clinical, histological, microbiological and molecular parameters.