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Cryptococcal meningitis due to Cryptococcus neoformans genotype AFLP 1/ VNI in Iran: a review of the literature
Author(s) -
Badali Hamid,
Alian Shahriar,
Fakhim Hamed,
Falahatinejad Mahsa,
Moradi Ali,
Mohammad Davoudi Mehrnaz,
Hagen Ferry,
Meis Jacques F.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
mycoses
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.13
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 1439-0507
pISSN - 0933-7407
DOI - 10.1111/myc.12415
Subject(s) - itraconazole , cryptococcus neoformans , posaconazole , fluconazole , amphotericin b , voriconazole , microbiology and biotechnology , cryptococcosis , cryptococcus , cryptococcus gattii , cryptococcal meningitis , medicine , genotype , antifungal , biology , immunology , human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) , biochemistry , viral disease , gene
Summary Cryptococcal meningitis is the most important opportunistic fungal infection with a high mortality in HIV ‐patients in less developed regions. Here, we report a case of cryptococcal meningitis in a 49‐year‐old HIV ‐positive female due to Cryptococcus neoformans (serotype A, mating‐type alpha, genotype AFLP 1/ VNI ) in Sari, Iran. In vitro antifungal susceptibility tests showed MIC s of isavuconazole (0.016 μg ml −1 ), voriconazole (0.031 μg ml −1 ), posaconazole (0.031 μg ml −1 ), itraconazole (0.063 μg ml −1 ), amphotericin B (0.125 μg ml −1 ) and fluconazole (8 μg ml −1 ). Despite immediate antifungal therapy, the patient died 4 days later due to respiratory failure. Cryptococcal infections have been infrequently reported from Iran and therefore we analysed all published cases of cryptococcosis in Iran since the first reported case from 1969.