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Antifungal activity of silver nanoparticles in combination with nystatin and chlorhexidine digluconate against C andida albicans and C andida glabrata biofilms
Author(s) -
Monteiro Douglas R.,
Silva Sónia,
Negri Melyssa,
Gorup Luiz F.,
Camargo Emerson R.,
Oliveira Rosário,
Barbosa Debora B.,
Henriques Mariana
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
mycoses
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.13
H-Index - 69
eISSN - 1439-0507
pISSN - 0933-7407
DOI - 10.1111/myc.12093
Subject(s) - nystatin , antifungal , candida albicans , microbiology and biotechnology , biofilm , candida glabrata , chemistry , chlorhexidine , silver nanoparticle , corpus albicans , nanoparticle , pharmacology , medicine , bacteria , biology , materials science , nanotechnology , dentistry , genetics
Summary Although silver nanoparticles ( SN ) have been investigated as an alternative to conventional antifungal drugs in the control of C andida ‐associated denture stomatitis, the antifungal activity of SN in combination with antifungal drugs against C andida biofilms remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of SN in combination with nystatin ( NYT ) or chlorhexidine digluconate ( CHG ) against C andida albicans and C andida glabrata biofilms. The drugs alone or combined with SN were applied on mature C andida biofilms (48 h), and after 24 h of treatment their antibiofilm activities were assessed by total biomass quantification (by crystal violet staining) and colony forming units enumeration. The structure of C andida biofilms was analysed by scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) images. The data indicated that SN combined with either NYT or CHG demonstrated synergistic antibiofilm activity, and this activity was dependent on the species and on the drug concentrations used. SEM images showed that some drug combinations were able to disrupt C andida biofilms. The results of this study suggest that the combination of SN with NYT or CHG may have clinical implications in the treatment of denture stomatitis. However, further studies are needed before recommending the use of these drugs safely in clinical situations.