Open AccessD e novo analysis of the transcriptome of P ratylenchus zeae to identify transcripts for proteins required for structural integrity, sensation, locomotion and parasitism
Author(s) -
FosuNyarko John,
Tan JoAnne C. H.,
Gill Reetinder,
Agrez Vaughan G.,
Rao Uma,
Jones Michael G. K.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
molecular plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.945
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1364-3703
pISSN - 1464-6722
DOI - 10.1111/mpp.12301
Subject(s) - biology , transcriptome , contig , gene , host (biology) , effector , genetics , nematode , microbiology and biotechnology , gene expression , ecology , genome
Summary The root lesion nematode P ratylenchus zeae , a migratory endoparasite, is an economically important pest of major crop plants (e.g. cereals, sugarcane). It enters host roots, migrates through root tissues and feeds from cortical cells, and defends itself against biotic and abiotic stresses in the soil and in host tissues. We report de novo sequencing of the P . zeae transcriptome using 454 FLX , and the identification of putative transcripts encoding proteins required for movement, response to stimuli, feeding and parasitism. Sequencing generated 347 443 good quality reads which were assembled into 10 163 contigs and 139 104 singletons: 65% of contigs and 28% of singletons matched sequences of free‐living and parasitic nematodes. Three‐quarters of the annotated transcripts were common to reference nematodes, mainly representing genes encoding proteins for structural integrity and fundamental biochemical processes. Over 15 000 transcripts were similar to C aenorhabditis elegans genes encoding proteins with roles in mechanical and neural control of movement, responses to chemicals, mechanical and thermal stresses. Notably, 766 transcripts matched parasitism genes employed by both migratory and sedentary endoparasites in host interactions, three of which hybridized to the gland cell region, suggesting that they might be secreted. Conversely, transcripts for effectors reported to be involved in feeding site formation by sedentary endoparasites were conspicuously absent. Transcripts similar to those encoding some secretory–excretory products at the host interface of B rugia malayi , the secretome of M eloidogyne incognita and products of gland cells of H eterodera glycines were also identified. This P . zeae transcriptome provides new information for genome annotation and functional analysis of possible targets for control of pratylenchid nematodes.