Open AccessP otato virus Y : a major crop pathogen that has provided major insights into the evolution of viral pathogenicity
Author(s) -
Quenouille Julie,
Vassilakos Nikon,
Moury Benoît
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
molecular plant pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.945
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1364-3703
pISSN - 1464-6722
DOI - 10.1111/mpp.12024
Subject(s) - biology , potato virus y , genome , virology , virus , aphid , plant virus , potyvirus , gene , genetics , plant disease resistance , genetic diversity , botany , population , demography , sociology
Summary Taxonomy P otato virus Y ( PVY ) is the type member of the genus P otyvirus in the family P otyviridae . Virion and genome properties PVY virions have a filamentous, flexuous form, with a length of 730 nm and a diameter of 12 nm. The genomic RNA is single stranded, messenger sense, with a length of 9.7 kb, covalently linked to a viral‐encoded protein ( VPg ) at the 5’ end and to a 3’ polyadenylated tail. The genome is expressed as a polyprotein of approximately 3062 amino acid residues, processed by three virus‐specific proteases into 11 mature proteins. Hosts PVY is distributed worldwide and has a broad host range, consisting of cultivated solanaceous species and many solanaceous and nonsolanaceous weeds. It is one of the most economically important plant pathogens and causes severe diseases in cultivated hosts, such as potato, tobacco, tomato and pepper, as well as in ornamental plants. Transmission PVY is transmitted from plant to plant by more than 40 aphid species in a nonpersistent manner and, in potato, by planting contaminated seed tubers. Diversity Five major clades, named C1 , C2 , C hile, N and O , have been described within the PVY species. In recent decades, a strong increase in prevalence of N × O recombinant isolates has been observed worldwide. A correlation has been observed between PVY phylogeny and certain pathogenicity traits. Genetic control of PVY Resistance genes against PVY have been used widely in breeding programmes and deployed in the field. These resistance genes show a large diversity of spectrum of action, durability and genetic determinism. Notably, recessive and dominant major resistance genes show highly contrasting patterns of interaction with PVY populations, displaying rapid co‐evolution or stable relationships, respectively.