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The three‐component system EsrISR regulates a cell envelope stress response in Corynebacterium glutamicum
Author(s) -
Kleine Britta,
Chattopadhyay Ava,
Polen Tino,
Pinto Daniela,
Mascher Thorsten,
Bott Michael,
Brocker Melanie,
Freudl Roland
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
molecular microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.857
H-Index - 247
eISSN - 1365-2958
pISSN - 0950-382X
DOI - 10.1111/mmi.13839
Subject(s) - corynebacterium glutamicum , biology , envelope (radar) , corynebacterium , cell envelope , component (thermodynamics) , fight or flight response , stress (linguistics) , computational biology , microbiology and biotechnology , bacteria , genetics , gene , computer science , escherichia coli , telecommunications , radar , linguistics , physics , philosophy , thermodynamics
Summary When the cell envelope integrity is compromised, bacteria trigger signaling cascades resulting in the production of proteins that counteract these extracytoplasmic stresses. Here, we show that the two‐component system EsrSR regulates a cell envelope stress response in the Actinobacterium Corynebacterium glutamicum . The sensor kinase EsrS possesses an amino‐terminal phage shock protein C (PspC) domain, a property that sets EsrSR apart from all other two‐component systems characterized so far. An integral membrane protein, EsrI, whose gene is divergently transcribed to the esrSR gene locus and which interestingly also possesses a PspC domain, acts as an inhibitor of EsrSR under non‐stress conditions. The resulting EsrISR three‐component system is activated among others by antibiotics inhibiting the lipid II cycle, such as bacitracin and vancomycin, and it orchestrates a broad regulon including the esrI‐esrSR gene locus itself, genes encoding heat shock proteins, ABC transporters, and several putative membrane‐associated or secreted proteins of unknown function. Among those, the ABC transporter encoded by cg3322‐3320 was shown to be directly involved in bacitracin resistance of C. glutamicum . Since similar esrI‐esrSR loci are present in a large number of actinobacterial genomes, EsrISR represents a novel type of stress‐responsive system whose components are highly conserved in the phylum Actinobacteria .