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Regulation of toxin production in the pathogenic clostridia
Author(s) -
Carter Glen P.,
Cheung Jackie K.,
Larcombe Sarah,
Lyras Dena
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
molecular microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.857
H-Index - 247
eISSN - 1365-2958
pISSN - 0950-382X
DOI - 10.1111/mmi.12469
Subject(s) - biology , clostridia , microbiology and biotechnology , toxin , gas gangrene , bacilli , clostridium , antimicrobial , enteritis , bacteria , genetics
Summary The genus C lostridium comprises a large, heterogeneous group of obligate anaerobic, G ram‐positive spore forming bacilli. Members of this genus are ubiquitous in the environment and although most species are considered saprophytic, several are pathogenic to both humans and animals. These bacteria cause a variety of diseases including neuroparalysis, gas gangrene, necrotic enteritis, food poisoning, toxic shock syndrome and pseudomembraneous colitis, which in most cases arise as a consequence of the production of potent exotoxins. Treatment options are often limited, underscoring the need for new treatment strategies and novel therapeutics. Understanding the fundamental mechanisms and signals that control toxin production in the pathogenic clostridia may lead to the identification of novel therapeutic targets that can be exploited in the development of new antimicrobial agents.