RNA ‐ Seq facilitates a new perspective on signal transduction and gene regulation in important plant pathogens

Summary RNA ‐ Seq is opening new doors for the functional understanding of microorganisms. Advances in RNA ‐ Seq technology are allowing investigators to focus their studies on specific functional questions. An interesting example is presented by A n et al . (2013) in this issue of M olecular M icrobiology . New genes were identified for proteins and ncRNAs when the authors concentrated on the role of the rpf genes, which code for key components of a signal transduction hub in the plant pathogen X anthomonas campestris pv. campestris . Although rpf gene products were already known to be involved in controlling transcription of many genes, including those encoding several important virulence factors, novel and unexpected properties of this signal transduction system emerged from the RNA ‐ Seq analysis. In addition to identifying new target genes influenced by the rpf genes, the study found that the regulons of RpfC and RpfG , the sensor and response regulator of the master two‐component regulatory system, only partially overlapped, indicating that the Rpf signalling system is even more complex than previously appreciated.