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Ryanodine Receptors, Calcium Signaling, and Regulation of Vascular Tone in The Cerebral Parenchymal Microcirculation
Author(s) -
Dabertrand Fabrice,
Nelson Mark T.,
Brayden Joseph E.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
microcirculation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.793
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1549-8719
pISSN - 1073-9688
DOI - 10.1111/micc.12027
Subject(s) - ryanodine receptor , vasoconstriction , microcirculation , cerebral arteries , vascular smooth muscle , arteriole , calcium , chemistry , calcium signaling , vasomotor , biology , anatomy , medicine , endocrinology , smooth muscle
The cerebral blood supply is delivered by a surface network of pial arteries and arterioles from which arise (parenchymal) arterioles that penetrate into the cortex and terminate in a rich capillary bed. The critical regulation of CBF , locally and globally, requires precise vasomotor regulation of the intracerebral microvasculature. This vascular region is anatomically unique as illustrated by the presence of astrocytic processes that envelope almost the entire basolateral surface of PA s. There are, moreover, notable functional differences between pial arteries and PA s. For example, in pial VSMC s, local calcium release events (“calcium sparks”) through ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels in SR membrane activate large conductance, calcium‐sensitive potassium channels to modulate vascular diameter. In contrast, VSMC s in PA s express functional RyR and BK channels, but under physiological conditions, these channels do not oppose pressure‐induced vasoconstriction. Here, we summarize the roles of ryanodine receptors in the parenchymal microvasculature under physiologic and pathologic conditions, and discuss their importance in the control of CBF .