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Shear‐Dependent Adhesion of Leukocytes and Lectins to the Endothelium and Concurrent Changes in Thickness of the Glycocalyx of Post‐Capillary Venules in the Low‐Flow State
Author(s) -
Lipowsky Herbert H.,
Lescanic Anne
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
microcirculation
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.793
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1549-8719
pISSN - 1073-9688
DOI - 10.1111/micc.12013
Subject(s) - glycocalyx , adhesion , endothelium , biophysics , chemistry , cell adhesion , immunology , biology , biochemistry , endocrinology , organic chemistry
Objective To elucidate shear‐dependent effects of deformation of the endothelial glycocalyx on adhesion of circulating ligands in post‐capillary venules, and delineate effect of MMPs . Methods Adhesion of WBCs and lectin‐coated FLMs (0.1 μm diameter) to EC of post‐capillary venules in mesentery was examined during acute reductions in shear rates (γ · , hemorrhagic hypotension). Adhesion was examined with or without superfusion with 0.5 μ m doxycycline to inhibit MMPs . Thickness of the glycocalyx was measured by exclusion of fluorescent 70 kDa dextran from the EC surface. Results During superfusion with Ringers, rapid reductions inγ ·resulted in a significant rise in WBC adhesion and a twofold rise in microsphere adhesion. With addition of doxycycline WBC and FLM adhesion increased twofold under high‐ and low‐flow conditions. FLM adhesion was invariant withγ ·throughout the network in the normal (high)‐flow state. With reductions inγ · , thickness of the glycocalyx increased significantly, with or without doxycycline. Conclusions The concurrent increase in WBC and FLM adhesion with increased thickness of the glycocalyx during reductions in shear suggests that glycocalyx core proteins recoil from their deformed steady‐state configuration, which increases exposure of binding sites for circulating ligands.