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On the Existence and Characterization of Unequal Exchange in the Free Trade Equilibrium
Author(s) -
Yoshihara Naoki,
Kaneko Soh
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
metroeconomica
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.256
H-Index - 29
eISSN - 1467-999X
pISSN - 0026-1386
DOI - 10.1111/meca.12125
Subject(s) - economics , nash equilibrium , free trade , characterization (materials science) , outcome (game theory) , bargaining problem , mathematical economics , general equilibrium theory , terms of trade , international trade , microeconomics , materials science , nanotechnology
Abstract As in Roemer ([Roemer, J. E., 1982], chapter 1), this article considers a simple international trade model and examines the existence and characterization of free trade equilibria involving the unequal exchange of labor (UE). The article provides an almost complete characterization of the domain of economies in which free trade equilibria with incomplete specialization exist. Moreover, the necessary and sufficient conditions for free trade equilibrium to involve UE is identified. It suggests that the emergence of free trade equilibria with UE cannot be entailed by the competitive mechanism of markets and unequal distribution of wealth alone, but might be understood as an outcome of equilibrium selection on the basis of Nash bargaining between rich and poor nations.

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