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MtDNA metagenomics reveals large‐scale invasion of belowground arthropod communities by introduced species
Author(s) -
Cicconardi Francesco,
Borges Paulo A. V.,
Strasberg Dominique,
Oromí Pedro,
López Heriberto,
PérezDelgado Antonio J.,
Casquet Juliane,
CaujapéCastells Juli,
FernándezPalacios José María,
Thébaud Christophe,
Emerson Brent C.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
molecular ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.619
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1365-294X
pISSN - 0962-1083
DOI - 10.1111/mec.14037
Subject(s) - biology , ecology , arthropod , biodiversity , soil mesofauna , dna barcoding , ecosystem , environmental dna , metagenomics , habitat , introduced species , species richness , spider , generalist and specialist species , soil biology , soil water , biochemistry , gene
Using a series of standardized sampling plots within forest ecosystems in remote oceanic islands, we reveal fundamental differences between the structuring of aboveground and belowground arthropod biodiversity that are likely due to large‐scale species introductions by humans. Species of beetle and spider were sampled almost exclusively from single islands, while soil‐dwelling Collembola exhibited more than tenfold higher species sharing among islands. Comparison of Collembola mitochondrial metagenomic data to a database of more than 80 000 Collembola barcode sequences revealed almost 30% of sampled island species are genetically identical, or near identical, to individuals sampled from often very distant geographic regions of the world. Patterns of mt DNA relatedness among Collembola implicate human‐mediated species introductions, with minimum estimates for the proportion of introduced species on the sampled islands ranging from 45% to 88%. Our results call for more attention to soil mesofauna to understand the global extent and ecological consequences of species introductions.