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The transcriptome response of Heliconius melpomene larvae to a novel host plant
Author(s) -
Yu QuanYou,
Fang ShouMin,
Zhang Ze,
Jiggins Chris D.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
molecular ecology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.619
H-Index - 225
eISSN - 1365-294X
pISSN - 0962-1083
DOI - 10.1111/mec.13826
Subject(s) - biology , transcriptome , gene , host (biology) , adaptation (eye) , host adaptation , genetics , nonsynonymous substitution , herbivore , evolutionary biology , gene expression , genome , botany , neuroscience
In the warfare between herbivore and host plant, insects have evolved a variety of defensive mechanisms, including allelochemical transformation and excretion. Several studies have explored the transcriptome responses of insects after host plant shifts to understand these mechanisms. We investigated the plastic responses of Heliconius melpomene larvae feeding on a native host Passiflora menispermifolia and a less strongly defended nonhost species, Passiflora biflora . In total, 326 differentially expressed genes were identified, with a greater number upregulated on the more strongly defended native host. Functional annotation showed that detoxifying enzymes, transporters and components of peritrophic membrane were strongly represented. In total, 30 candidate detoxification genes were differentially expressed, with glutathione S‐transferases ( GST s) and UDP ‐glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) showing the highest proportion of differential expression, 27.3% and 17.3%, respectively. These differentially expressed detoxification genes were shown to evolve mainly under the influence of purifying selection, suggesting that protein‐coding evolution has not played a major role in host adaptation. We found only one gene, GSTe3 , with evidence of adaptive evolution at H40, which is around the G‐site and might alter enzyme activity. Based on our transcriptome and molecular evolution analysis, we suggest that transcriptional plasticity of genes in a herbivore may play an important role in adaptation to a new host plant.