Open AccessGlobal summary of maternal and newborn vitamin D status – a systematic review
Author(s) -
Saraf Rajneeta,
Morton Susan M.B.,
Camargo Carlos A.,
Grant Cameron C.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
maternal and child nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.181
H-Index - 63
eISSN - 1740-8709
pISSN - 1740-8695
DOI - 10.1111/mcn.12210
Subject(s) - medicine , mediterranean climate , vitamin d and neurology , vitamin d deficiency , east asia , demography , geography , china , archaeology , sociology
Pregnant women and newborns are at increased risk of vitamin D deficiency. Our objective was to create a global summary of maternal and newborn vitamin D status. We completed a systematic review (1959–2014) and meta‐analysis of studies reporting serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D [25( OH ) D ] concentration in maternal and newborn populations. The 95 identified studies were unevenly distributed by World Health Organization ( WHO ) region: A mericas (24), E uropean (33), E astern M editerranean (13), S outh‐ E ast A sian (7), W estern P acific (16) and A frican (2). Average maternal 25( OH )D concentrations (nmol L −1 ) by region were 47–65 ( A mericas), 15–72 ( E uropean), 13–60 ( E astern M editerranean), 20–52 ( S outh‐ E ast A sian), 42–72 ( W estern P acific) and 92 ( A frican). Average newborn 25( OH )D concentrations (nmol L −1 ) were 35–77 ( A mericas), 20–50 ( E uropean), 5–50 ( E astern M editerranean), 20–22 ( S outh‐ E ast A sian), 32–67 ( W estern P acific) and 27–35 ( A frican). The prevalences of 25( OH )D <50 and <25 nmol L −1 by WHO region in pregnant women were: A mericas (64%, 9%), E uropean (57%, 23%), E astern M editerranean (46%, 79%), S outh‐ E ast A sian (87%, not available) and W estern P acific (83%, 13%). Among newborns these values were: A mericas (30%, 14%), E uropean (73%, 39%), E astern M editerranean (60%, not available), S outh‐ E ast A sian (96%, 45%) and W estern P acific (54%, 14%). By global region, average 25( OH ) D concentration varies threefold in pregnant women and newborns, and prevalence of 25( OH )D <25 nmol L −1 varies eightfold in pregnant women and threefold in newborns. Maternal and newborn 25( OH )D concentrations are highly correlated. Addressing vitamin D deficiency in pregnant women and newborns should be a global priority. To protect children from the adverse effects of vitamin D deficiency requires appropriate interventions during both pregnancy and childhood.