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Fibroblast Growth Factor 19: Potential modulation of hepatic metabolism for the treatment of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Author(s) -
Sciarrillo Christina M.,
Keirns Bryant H.,
Koemel Nicholas A.,
Anderson Kendall L.,
Emerson Sam R.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
liver international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.873
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1478-3231
pISSN - 1478-3223
DOI - 10.1111/liv.14802
Subject(s) - fgf19 , steatohepatitis , fatty liver , fgf21 , pathogenesis , medicine , bile acid , lipid metabolism , chronic liver disease , disease , liver disease , fibroblast growth factor , bioinformatics , biology , receptor , cirrhosis
Non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a spectrum of liver disease that is becoming more prevalent in concert with obesity and poor lifestyle habits. Although NAFLD is treatable via lifestyle modification in early stages, more advanced liver pathologies (eg non‐alcoholic steatohepatitis [NASH]) are harder to reverse. There is no Food and Drug Administration approved pharmacological treatment for NAFLD, and little research has been done to identify compounds that target key NAFLD mechanisms. Bile acids and bile acid receptors have been implicated in NAFLD pathogenesis and modulating bile acids and bile acid receptors has recently been targeted as a therapeutic treatment option for NAFLD. Fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19), a nutritionally regulated post‐prandial hormone, is a chief regulator of bile acid metabolism and an important player in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, including key mechanisms of NAFLD pathogenesis. In this review, we discuss recent findings related to FGF19‐regulated processes involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. We summarize known and conjectural frameworks and limitations for the clinical application of FGF19‐targeted therapies as they relate to NAFLD.