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Association between nut consumption and non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease in adults
Author(s) -
Zhang Shunming,
Fu Jingzhu,
Zhang Qing,
Liu Li,
Meng Ge,
Yao Zhanxin,
Wu Hongmei,
Bao Xue,
Gu Yeqing,
Lu Min,
Sun Shaomei,
Wang Xing,
Zhou Ming,
Jia Qiyu,
Song Kun,
Xiang Huiling,
Wu Yuntang,
Niu Kaijun
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
liver international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.873
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1478-3231
pISSN - 1478-3223
DOI - 10.1111/liv.14164
Subject(s) - medicine , fatty liver , odds ratio , metabolic syndrome , confidence interval , population , nut , refined grains , insulin resistance , prospective cohort study , confounding , disease , gastroenterology , obesity , environmental health , food science , biology , structural engineering , whole grains , engineering
Background & Aims Increased nut consumption has been associated with reduced inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Although these factors are closely involved in the pathogenesis of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), few studies have focused on the association between nut consumption and NAFLD in the general population. We aimed to investigate the association of nut consumption and NAFLD in an adult population. Methods A total of 23 915 participants from Tianjin Chronic Low‐Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health (TCLSIH) Cohort Study were included in this study. Information on dietary intake was collected using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Abdominal ultrasonography was done to diagnose NAFLD. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association of nut consumption with NAFLD. Results After adjusting for sociodemographic, medical, dietary, and lifestyle variables, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for NAFLD across categories of nut consumption were 1.00 (reference) for <1 time/week, 0.91 (0.82, 1.02) for 1 time/week, 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) for 2‐3 times/week, and 0.80 (0.69, 0.92) for ≥4 times/week ( P for trend < 0.01). These associations were attenuated but remained significant after further adjustment for blood lipids, glucose, and inflammation markers. Conclusions Higher nut consumption was significantly associated with lower prevalence of NAFLD. Further prospective studies and randomized trials are required to ascertain the causal association between nut consumption and NAFLD.