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Weight loss induced by bariatric surgery restores adipose tissue PNPLA 3 expression
Author(s) -
Wieser Verena,
Adolph Timon E.,
Enrich Barbara,
Moser Patrizia,
Moschen Alexander R.,
Tilg Herbert
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
liver international
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.873
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1478-3231
pISSN - 1478-3223
DOI - 10.1111/liv.13222
Subject(s) - adipose tissue , weight loss , medicine , endocrinology , fatty liver , leptin , inflammation , tumor necrosis factor alpha , obesity , disease
Background & Aims Obesity and its related co‐morbidities such as non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) are increasing dramatically worldwide. The genetic variation in Patatin‐like phospholipase domain‐containing protein 3 ( PNPLA 3 ), which is also called adiponutrin ( ADPN ), in residue 148 (I148M, rs738409) has been associated with NAFLD . However, the regulation and function of PNPLA 3 in metabolic diseases remains unclear. Laparoscopic gastric banding ( LAGB ) of severely obese patients reduces body weight, liver and adipose tissue inflammation. In this study, we investigated whether weight loss induced by LAGB affected PNPLA 3 expression in hepatic and adipose tissue. Methods Liver and subcutaneous adipose tissue samples were collected from 28 severely obese patients before and 6 months after LAGB . PNPLA 3 expression was assessed by quantitative real‐time PCR . To understand whether inflammatory stimuli regulated PNPLA 3 expression, we studied the effect of tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF α) and lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) on PNPLA 3 expression in human adipocytes and hepatocytes. Results PNPLA 3 was strongly expressed in the liver and clearly detectable in subcutaneous adipose tissue of obese patients. Weight loss induced by LAGB of severely obese patients led to significantly increased adipose, but not hepatic, tissue expression of PNPLA 3 . Subcutaneous PNPLA 3 expression negatively correlated with body‐mass‐index, fasting glucose and fasting insulin. TNF α potently suppressed PNPLA 3 expression in adipocytes but not hepatocytes. Conclusions Weight loss induced by LAGB restored adipose tissue PNPLA 3 expression which is suppressed by TNF α. Further studies will be required to determine the functional impact of PNPLA 3 and its related genetic variation on adipose tissue inflammation and NAFLD .