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Gendered Genocide: The Socially Destructive Process of Genocidal Rape, Killing, and Displacement in Darfur
Author(s) -
Kaiser Joshua,
Hagan John
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
law and society review
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.867
H-Index - 74
eISSN - 1540-5893
pISSN - 0023-9216
DOI - 10.1111/lasr.12122
Subject(s) - genocide , criminology , refugee , livelihood , sociology , sexual violence , meaning (existential) , displacement (psychology) , forced migration , political science , gender studies , social psychology , law , psychology , history , archaeology , psychotherapist , agriculture
Accounts of mass atrocities habitually focus on one kind of violence and its archetypal victim, inviting uncritical, ungendered misconceptions: for example, rape only impacts women; genocide is only about dead, battle‐aged men. We approach collective violence as multiple, intersecting forms of victimization, targeted and experienced through differential social identities, and translated throughout communities. Through mixed‐method analyses of Darfuri refugees' testimonies, we show ( a ) gendered causes and collective effects of selective killing, sexual violence, and anti‐livelihood crimes, ( b ) how they cause displacement, ( c ) that they can be genocidal and empirically distinct from nongenocidal forms, ( d ) how the process of genocidal social destruction can work, and ( e ) how it does work in Darfur. Darfuris are victimized through gender roles, yielding a gendered meaning‐making process that communicates socially destructive messages through crimes that selectively target other genders. The collective result is displacement and destruction of Darfuris' ways of life: genocide.