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Protection of Penaeus monodon against white spot syndrome by continuous oral administration of a low concentration of Bacillus subtilis spores expressing the VP 28 antigen
Author(s) -
Pham K.C.,
Tran H.T.T.,
Van Doan C.,
Le P.H.,
Van Nguyen A.T.,
Nguyen H.A.,
Hong H.A.,
Cutting S.M.,
Phan T.N.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
letters in applied microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.698
H-Index - 110
eISSN - 1472-765X
pISSN - 0266-8254
DOI - 10.1111/lam.12708
Subject(s) - spore , penaeus monodon , biology , bacillus subtilis , white spot syndrome , microbiology and biotechnology , virus , virology , food science , shrimp , fishery , bacteria , genetics
In this study, Bacillus subtilis spores expressing a chimeric protein, CotB‐ VP 28, were used as a probiotic vaccine to protect black tiger shrimps ( Penaeus monodon ) against white spot syndrome virus ( WSSV ) infection. Oral administration of pellets coated with CotB‐ VP 28 spores (at ≥1 × 10 9 CFU per g pellet) to shrimps induced immune‐relating phenoloxydase activity ( PO ) in shrimps after 14 days of feeding (prior challenge) and at day 3 post challenge (1·26 and 1·70 fold increase respectively). A 75% protection rate was obtained by continuous feeding of the spore‐coated pellets at ≥1 × 10 9 CFU per g for 14 days prior to WSSV challenge and during all the postchallenge period. Even when the amount of CotB‐ VP 28 spores in feed pellets was reduced down to ≥5 × 10 7 CFU per g and ≥1 × 10 6 CFU per g, relatively high protection rates of 70 and 67·5%, respectively, were still obtained. By contrast, feeding pellets without spores (untreated group) and with naked spores ( PY 79 group) at ≥1 × 10 9 CFU per g could not protect shrimps against WSSV . These data suggest that supplementation of CotB‐ VP 28 spores at low dose of ≥1 × 10 6 CFU per g could be effective as a prophylactic treatment of WSS for black tiger shrimps. Significance and Impact of the Study This study reports the protective efficacy of Bacillus subtilis CotB‐ VP 28 spores on black tiger shrimps ( Penaeus monodon ) against white spot syndrome virus infection. Oral administration of pellets coated with CotB‐ VP 28 spores (≥1 × 10 9 CFU per g) conferred 75% protection after white spot syndrome virus challenge. Even after reducing CotB‐ VP 28 spores in feed pellets to ≥1 × 10 6 CFU per g, 67·5% protections was still obtained. These data indicate that supplementation of CotB‐ VP 28 spores at a low dose of ≥1 × 10 6 CFU per g could be effective in prophylaxis against white spot syndrome in black tiger shrimps.