Open AccessMorphology‐based phylogeny of Eigenmanniinae Mago‐Leccia, 1978 (Teleostei: Gymnotiformes: Sternopygidae), with a new classification
Author(s) -
Dutra Guilherme Moreira,
Peixoto Luiz Antônio Wanderley,
Abrahão Vitor Pimenta,
Wosiacki Wolmar Benjamin,
Menezes Naércio Aquino,
Santana Carlos David
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of zoological systematics and evolutionary research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.769
H-Index - 50
eISSN - 1439-0469
pISSN - 0947-5745
DOI - 10.1111/jzs.12535
Subject(s) - biology , monophyly , synapomorphy , sister group , zoology , genus , phylogenetic tree , incertae sedis , cladistics , evolutionary biology , clade , biochemistry , gene
We advance on the knowledge of Eigenmanniinae by proposing a hypothesis of phylogenetic relationships based on the parsimony analysis of a diverse set of 144 anatomical characters, 12% of them treated as quantitative and 88% treated as qualitative (8% external morphology, 51% osteology, 21% myology, and 8% neuroanatomy). Thirty‐seven of 45 valid species of Eigenmanniinae are examined in the study, including the incertae sedis species “ Eigenmannia ” goajira . The final tree yields new insights on species relationships, thus, producing a new classification to Eigenmanninae . Our analysis recovered the monophyly of Eigenmanniinae, Archolaemus , Eigenmannia , and Rhabdolichops . Eigenmannia is proposed as monophyletic based on four morphological synapomorphies, one of which exclusive to the genus. Japigny is proposed to be the sister group of all remaining Eigenmanniinae and “ E .” goajira to be the sister group of Archolaemus . The hypothesis of monophyly of Distocyclus including D . conirostris and D . guchereauae is rejected. Consequently, D . guchereauae is included in Eigenmannia , and a new genus is established to include “ E .” goajira . A taxonomic key to all genera is provided. In addition, this study highlights the critical role played by a diverse set of anatomical and quantitative characters without discretization on phylogenetic reconstructions.