Open AccessSupplementation of citric acid in plant protein‐based diets for juvenile tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum
Author(s) -
Nascimento Marcelo dos S.,
Mattos Bruno O.,
Bussons Márcia R. F. M.,
Oliveira Adriano T.,
Liebl Ariany R. da S.,
Carvalho Thaís B.
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of the world aquaculture society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.655
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1749-7345
pISSN - 0893-8849
DOI - 10.1111/jwas.12735
Subject(s) - tambaqui , biology , citric acid , dry matter , zoology , juvenile , nutrient , food science , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery , ecology
We evaluated citric acid supplementation (0, 10, 20, and 30 g/kg) in plant protein‐based diets for juvenile tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum . In Experiment 1, fish ( n = 160; 27.56 ± 2.73 g) were distributed in 310 L tanks ( n = 16) for 80 days. Zootechnical performance, hematological parameters, and mineral composition (muscle and bones) did not differ significantly ( p > .05). The inclusion of citric acid‐reduced pH of diets ( p = .001) and stomach ( p = .035). In Experiment 2, fish ( n = 60; 48.00 ± 1.98 g) were distributed in fecal collection aquaria (200 L) for 21 days. The following were observed: a linear effect for the crude protein ( p = .0004) and crude fat ( p = .0037) digestibility coefficients; a quadratic effect for crude energy ( p = .0037) and dry matter ( p = .0004); an optimal supplementation level of 18.5 g/kg. Calcium ( p = .0060) and magnesium ( p = .0222) showed a linear effect, while phosphorus ( p = .0001) had a quadratic effect with the 20 g/kg optimum supplementation level. To conclude, the supplementation of this organic acid in diets does not negatively affect fish nutritional status, health or welfare, and increases nutrient and mineral availability.