Open AccessOptimizing Koi Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. Koi (Linnaeus, 1758) , Stocking Density and Nutrient Recycling With Spinach in an Aquaponic System
Author(s) -
Hussain T.,
Verma A. K.,
Tiwari V. K.,
Prakash C.,
Rathore G.,
Shete A. P.,
Nuwansi K. K. T.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of the world aquaculture society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.655
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1749-7345
pISSN - 0893-8849
DOI - 10.1111/jwas.12159
Subject(s) - aquaponics , cyprinus , stocking , biology , carp , spinach , nutrient , zoology , fishery , common carp , fish <actinopterygii> , aquaculture , ecology
Fish waste water nutrient recycling in an aquaponic system was studied under different stocking densities of Koi Carp, Cyprinus carpio var. koi , along with spinach, Beta vulgaris var. bengalensis . Fish growth performance, plant growth, nutrient dynamics, and nutrient removal and their dependence on different stocking densities, namely 1.4, 2.1, and 2.8, were observed, of the different combinations, fish stocked at 1.4 kg/m 3 had the best growth. Percent nutrient removal ( NO 3 –N, PO 4 –P, and K) was significantly higher at 1.4 kg/m 3 . Thus, 1.4 kg/m 3 stocking density can be suggested as optimum for Koi Carp production in spinach aquaponic systems.