Open AccessInteractive Effects of Vitamin C and E Supplementation on Growth, Fatty Acid Composition, and Lipid Peroxidation of Sea Cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus , Fed with Dietary Oxidized Fish Oil
Author(s) -
Gao Jian,
Koshio Shunsuke,
Ishikawa Manabu,
Yokoyama Saichiro,
Nose Daisuke,
Ren Tongjun
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of the world aquaculture society
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.655
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1749-7345
pISSN - 0893-8849
DOI - 10.1111/jwas.12048
Subject(s) - apostichopus japonicus , sea cucumber , biology , fish oil , vitamin , ascorbic acid , vitamin c , food science , vitamin e , zoology , thiobarbituric acid , antioxidant , composition (language) , lipid peroxidation , fatty acid , juvenile , biochemistry , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery , ecology , linguistics , philosophy
A feeding trial was conducted to determine the interactive effects of vitamin C (ascorbic acid, AsA ) and E (α‐tocopherol, α‐Toc) supplementation with dietary oxidized fish oil ( OFO ) on the growth performance, whole‐body AsA , and α‐Toc concentrations and fatty acid composition of juvenile sea cucumber. In a 9‐wk feeding trial, juveniles (average weight: 0.6 ± 0.1 g) were cultured in twenty‐four 50‐L tanks (30 juveniles per tank) in triplicate, and fed with eight test diets containing two levels of OFO (8.9 and 156.9 meq/kg) with varying levels of vitamin C (500 and 1000 mg AsA equivalents/kg diet) and E (100 and 200 mg α‐Toc equivalents/kg diet) supplementation, respectively. Body weight gain of sea cucumber was significantly reduced by dietary OFO , while mortality and whole‐body thiobarbituric acid‐reactive substances value were increased significantly. Increasing dietary vitamin C and E levels significantly increased whole‐body α‐Toc and AsA concentrations, respectively. A high level of vitamin E combined with OFO led to consumption of AsA . Even with supplementation of a large dose of vitamin C and/or E in diets, growth performance could not be improved, probably due to the high levels of vitamins in the control diets.