Pharmacokinetics of thiamphenicol in Japanese quails ( Coturnix japonica ) after single intravenous and oral administrations

Thiamphenicol (TP) pharmacokinetics were studied in Japanese quails ( Coturnix japonica ) following a single intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) administration at 30 mg/kg BW. Concentrations of TP were determined with HPLC and were analyzed by a noncompartmental method. After IV injection, elimination half‐life (t 1/2λz ), total body clearance (Cl tot ) volume of distribution at steady state (V dss ), and mean residence time (MRT) of TP were 3.83 hr, 0.19 L/hr/kg, 0.84 L/kg, and 4.37 hr, respectively. After oral administration of TP, the peak plasma concentration ( C max ) was 19.81 μg/ml and was obtained at 2.00 hr ( t max ) postadministration. Elimination half‐life (t 1/2λz ) and mean absorption time (MAT) were 4.01 hr and 1.56 hr, respectively. The systemic bioavailability following oral administration of TP was 78.10%. TP therapy with an oral dosage of 30 mg/kg BW is suggested for a beneficial clinical effect in quails.