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Pharmacokinetic profiles of amoxicillin trihydrate in freshwater crocodiles ( Crocodylus siamensis ) after intramuscular administration at two doses
Author(s) -
Poapolathep Saranya,
Giorgi Mario,
Klangkaew Narumol,
Phaochoosak Napasorn,
Chaiyabutr Narongsak,
Wongwaipairoj Tara,
Poapolathep Amnart
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/jvp.12850
Subject(s) - pharmacokinetics , chemistry , crocodylus , intramuscular injection , pharmacology , dosing , amoxicillin , zoology , body weight , area under the curve , medicine , antibiotics , biology , biochemistry , crocodile , ecology
The aim of the present study was to elucidate the pharmacokinetic profiles of amoxicillin trihydrate (AMX) in Siamese freshwater crocodiles ( Crocodylus siamensis ). Crocodiles were administered a single intramuscular injection of AMX, at a dose of either 5 or 10 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). Blood samples were collected at preassigned times up to 120 hr. The plasma concentrations of AMX were measured using a validated liquid chromatography tandem‐mass spectrometry method. AMX plasma concentrations were quantifiable for up to 72 hr (5 mg/kg b.w.) and 96 hr (10 mg/kg b.w.). The elimination half‐life (t 1/2λ z ) of AMX following dosing at 5 mg/kg b.w. (8.72 ± 0.61 hr) was almost identical to that following administration at 10 mg/kg b.w (8.98 ± 1.13 hr). The maximum concentration and area under the curve from zero to the last values of AMX increased in a dose‐dependent fashion. The average binding percentage of AMX to plasma protein was 21.24%. Based on the pharmacokinetic data, susceptibility break point, and the surrogate PK‐PD index (T > MIC, 0.25 μg/ml), intramuscular administration of AMX at dose of 5 mg/kg b.w. every 4 days might be appropriate for the treatment of susceptible bacterial infections in freshwater crocodiles.