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Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin HC l‐2H 2 O ( ENRO ‐C), PK / PD , and Monte Carlo modeling vs . Leptospira spp. in cows
Author(s) -
Mendoza Jesús,
Gutierrez Lilia,
Gutiérrez José Á.,
Bustos Felipe A.,
Sumano Hector
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/jvp.12748
Subject(s) - enrofloxacin , cmax , pharmacokinetics , minimum inhibitory concentration , zoology , pharmacology , chemistry , medicine , ciprofloxacin , biology , antibiotics , biochemistry
The pharmacokinetics, PK / PD ratios, and Monte Carlo modeling of enrofloxacin HC l‐2H 2 O (Enro‐C) and its reference preparation (Enro‐R) were determined in cows. Fifty‐four Jersey cows were randomly assigned to six groups receiving a single IM dose of 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg of Enro‐C (Enro‐C 10 , Enro‐C 15 , Enro‐C 20 ) or Enro‐R. Serial serum samples were collected and enrofloxacin concentrations quantified. A composite set of minimum inhibitory concentrations ( MIC ) of Leptospira spp. was utilized to calculate PK / PD ratios: maximum serum concentration/ MIC ( C max / MIC 90 ) and area under the serum vs. time concentration of enrofloxacin/ MIC ( AUC 0‐24 / MIC 90 ). Monte Carlo simulations targeted C max / MIC = 10 and AUC 0‐24 / MIC = 125. Mean C max obtained were 6.17 and 2.46 μg/ml; 8.75 and 3.54 μg/ml; and 13.89 and 4.25 μg/ml, respectively for Enro‐C and Enro‐R. C max / MIC 90 ratios were 6.17 and 2.46, 8.75 and 3.54, and 13.89 and 4.25 for Enro‐C and Enro‐R, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations based on C max / MIC 90 = 10 indicate that only Enro‐C 15 and Enro‐C 20 may be useful to treat leptospirosis in cows, predicting a success rate ≥95% when MIC 50 = 0.5 μg/ml, and ≥80% when MIC 90 = 1.0 μg/ml. Although Enro‐C 15 and Enro‐C 20 may be useful to treat leptospirosis in cattle, clinical trials are necessary to confirm this proposal.