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Comparative single‐dose pharmacokinetics of orally administered florfenicol in rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss , Walbaum, 1792) at health and experimental infection with Streptococcus iniae or Lactococcus garvieae
Author(s) -
Shiry Nima,
Shomali Tahoora,
Soltanian Siyavash,
Akhlaghi Mostafa
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/jvp.12736
Subject(s) - streptococcus iniae , florfenicol , pharmacokinetics , bioavailability , volume of distribution , biology , rainbow trout , microbiology and biotechnology , zoology , pharmacology , antibiotics , fish <actinopterygii> , fishery
This study evaluates changes in the pharmacokinetic behavior of a single oral dose of florfenicol in rainbow trouts experimentally infected with Lactococcus garvieae or Streptococcus iniae . One hundred and fifty fish were randomly divided into three equal groups: 1—healthy fish, 2—fish inoculated with S. iniae (2.87 × 10 7 CFU /ml, i.p.), and 3—fish inoculated with L. garvieae (6.8 × 10 5 CFU /ml, i.p.). Florfenicol was administered to all groups at 15 mg/kg by oral gavage. Blood sampling was performed at 0, 2, 3, 6, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 120 hr after drug administration to each group, and plasma concentration of florfenicol was assayed by HPLC method. The MIC s of florfenicol were 1.2 μg/ml and 5 μg/ml against L. garviae and S. iniae , respectively. Healthy fish showed higher values for most of the PK / PD parameters as compared to fish infected with L. garvieae which was reversed in fish infected with S. iniae . Fish infected with L. garvieae showed decreased relative bioavailability accompanied by increased volume of distribution at steady‐state (Vd ss ) and total body clearance (Cl B ) . Infection with S. iniae increased the peak concentration of drug after administration ( C max) and decreased elimination half‐life ( T 1/2 β ) , central compartment volume ( V c ), and Vd ss . In conclusion, infection with these bacteria can affect the pharmacokinetic behavior of florfenicol in rainbow trouts as shown by decreased bioavailability and increased total body clearance and volume of distribution in L. garvieae infection and decreased volume of distribution accompanied by increased C max in S. iniae‐ infected fish.