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Pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of amoxicillin in chicken infected with caecal coccidiosis
Author(s) -
Kandeel M.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.527
H-Index - 60
eISSN - 1365-2885
pISSN - 0140-7783
DOI - 10.1111/jvp.12205
Subject(s) - bioavailability , amoxicillin , pharmacokinetics , coccidiosis , absorption (acoustics) , pharmacology , oral administration , high performance liquid chromatography , chemistry , antibiotics , biology , medicine , chromatography , microbiology and biotechnology , veterinary medicine , materials science , composite material
Chicken infected with caecal coccidiosis ( Eimeria tenella ) was used to evaluate the effect of coccidiosis on the pharmacokinetic and bioavailability of amoxicillin. The level of amoxicillin was estimated by high‐performance chromatography ( HPLC ) to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and oral bioavailability. For i.v. injection of amoxicillin, Vd and CL were 0.29 and 0.27 (mg/kg)/(μg/mL)/h, respectively. Compared with healthy chicken, intravenous injection of amoxicillin in the infected chicken showed higher distribution and elimination constants, delayed clearance and statistically significant higher AUC and MRT . Oral administration in healthy chicken was accompanied by rapid absorption and high bioavailability with T max , C max and F about 1.03 h, 3.26 μg/mL and 40.2, respectively. Furthermore, oral administration in the infected chicken produced higher mean absorption time, delayed T max , lower C max , smaller AUC value and lower bioavailability (16.76). Based on these results, monitoring and adjustment of amoxicillin dosing could be practiced during the presence of coccidiosis. The measured C max values suggest the administration of 1.3‐folds of the normal dose to maintain the normal maximal serum concentrations of amoxicillin in chicken infected with caecal coccidiosis.