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A prospective, double‐blinded, positive‐controlled, multicenter, noninferiority study was conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of transdermal fentanyl solution ( TFS ) compared with oxymorphone for the control of postoperative pain in dogs. Five hundred and two (502) client‐owned dogs were assigned to a single dose of  TFS  (2.7 mg/kg) applied 2–4 h prior to surgery or oxymorphone hydrochloride (0.22 mg/kg) administered subcutaneously 2–4 h prior to surgery and q6h through 90 h. Pain was evaluated over 4 days by blinded observers using a modified Glasgow composite pain scale, and the  a priori  criteria for treatment failure was a pain score ≥8 or adverse event necessitating withdrawal. Four  TFS ‐ and eight oxymorphone‐treated dogs were withdrawn due to lack of pain control. Eighteen oxymorphone‐treated, but no  TFS ‐treated dogs were withdrawn due to severe adverse events. The one‐sided upper 95% confidence interval of the difference between  TFS  and oxymorphone treatment failure rates was −5.3%. Adverse events associated with oxymorphone were greater in number and severity compared with  TFS . It was concluded that a single administration of  TFS  was safe and noninferior to repeated injections of oxymorphone for the control of postoperative pain over 4 days at the dose rates of both formulations used in this study.

journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics

The safety and effectiveness of a long‐acting transdermal fentanyl solution compared with oxymorphone for the control of postoperative pain in dogs: a randomized, multicentered clinical study