Open AccessAssociation of diet with left ventricular wall thickness, troponin I and IGF ‐1 in cats with subclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Author(s) -
Hoek Ingrid,
HodgkissGeere Hannah,
Bode Elizabeth F.,
HamiltonElliott Julie,
Mõtsküla Paul,
Palermo Valentina,
Pereira Yolanda Martinez,
Culshaw Geoff J.,
Laxalde Jeremy,
DukesMcEwan Joanna
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of veterinary internal medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.356
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1939-1676
pISSN - 0891-6640
DOI - 10.1111/jvim.15925
Subject(s) - medicine , cats , interventricular septum , subclinical infection , hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , troponin i , docosahexaenoic acid , cardiology , endocrinology , prospective cohort study , polyunsaturated fatty acid , fatty acid , ventricle , biochemistry , biology , myocardial infarction
Background Cats with subclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (sHCM) have elevated serum insulin and serum amyloid A concentrations correlating with the degree of cardiac hypertrophy. Diet might affect these and other cardiac variables. Objective Evaluate the effect of a complete, balanced diet with restricted starch and supplemented with eicosapentaenoic acid + docosahexaenoic acid (EPA + DHA) on echocardiographic variables and cardiac biomarkers in cats with sHCM. Animals Forty‐four client‐owned cats with sHCM. Methods A prospective, randomized, double‐blind, multicenter study enrolled cats with end‐diastole interventricular septum thickness (IVSd) or left ventricular wall thickness (LVWd) ≥6 mm, or both. Nonsedated, fasted cats were examined at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of Test (restricted starch and EPA + DHA supplements) (n = 23) or Control (unrestricted starch without EPA + DHA supplementation) (n = 21) diet. Assessments included auscultation, body weight, body condition score, echocardiography and blood analysis. Linear and generalized mixed models analyzed diet, time and diet * time interactions (5% significance level). Results No differences between diet groups were significant for any variable at any timepoint. There were significant decreases in the Test but not Control group in maximum IVSd ( P = .03), maximum LVWd ( P = .02) and insulin‐like growth factor‐1 levels ( P = .04) after 12 months, and in ultrasensitive cardiac troponin I (cTnI) ( P = .001) after 6 months; effect sizes (95% confidence interval) were 0.53 (0.09; 0.99), 0.63 (0.18; 1.09), 0.61 (0.16; 1.07), and 0.37 (−0.06; 0.8), respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Cats with sHCM fed Test diet had significant decreases in echocardiographic variables of sHCM and in cTnI and IGF‐1.