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Background   Mannheimia haemolytica  is an important etiological agent in bovine respiratory disease.    Objectives  Explore risk factors for recovery of susceptible and resistant  M. haemolytica  in feedlot cattle and explore associations with health outcomes.    Animals  Cattle (n = 5,498) from 4 feedlots sampled at arrival and later in feeding period.    Methods  Susceptibility of  M. haemolytica  isolates tested for 21 antimicrobials. Records of antimicrobial use and health events analyzed using multivariable regression.    Results   M. haemolytica  recovered from 29% of cattle (1,596/5,498), 13.1% at arrival (95% CI, 12.3–14.1%), and 19.8% at second sampling (95% CI, 18.7–20.9%). Nearly half of study cattle received antimicrobial drugs ( AMD s) parenterally, mostly as metaphylactic treatment at arrival. Individual parenteral  AMD  exposures were associated with decreased recovery of  M. haemolytica  (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.02–1.2), whereas exposure in penmates was associated with increased recovery (OR, 1.5; 95% CI, 1.05–2.2). Most isolates were pan‐susceptible (87.8%; 95% CI, 87.0–89.4%). AMD exposures were not associated with resistance to any single drug. Multiply‐resistant isolates were rare (5.9%; 95% CI, 5.1–6.9%), but  AMD  exposures in pen mates were associated with increased odds of recovering multiply‐resistant  M. haemolytica  (OR, 23.9; 95% CI, 8.4–68.3). Cattle positive for  M. haemolytica  on arrival were more likely to become ill within 10 days (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.1–2.4).    Conclusions and Clinical Importance  Resistance generally was rare in  M. haemolytica . Antimicrobial drug exposures in penmates increased the risk of isolating susceptible and multiply‐resistant  M. haemolytica , a finding that could be explained by contagious spread.

Mannheimia haemolytica in Feedlot Cattle: Prevalence of Recovery and Associations with Antimicrobial Use, Resistance, and Health Outcomes