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Changes in Physical Properties of Enzyme‐Treated Beef Before and After Mastication
Author(s) -
Takei Ryo,
Hayashi Masahiro,
Umene Shingo,
Narita Kazuyoshi,
Kobayashi Yasunori,
Masunaga Hiroaki
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of texture studies
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.593
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1745-4603
pISSN - 0022-4901
DOI - 10.1111/jtxs.12103
Subject(s) - mastication , masticatory force , homogeneous , food science , viscosity , materials science , palatability , chemistry , composite material , orthodontics , medicine , mathematics , combinatorics
This study was conducted to determine whether enzymatically softened beef is more easily ingested by individuals with decreased masticatory function while retaining the original appearance and palatability using a homogeneous enzyme permeation ( HEP ) method. The number of mastication cycles required to induce the first swallow of normally cooked beef ( NB ) and HEP ‐treated beef ( HEPB ) was investigated. Pre‐ and post‐mastication samples were also tested for firmness, viscoelastic properties, compression stress and disintegrability. Compared with NB , HEPB was shown to require less than one‐third the number of mastication cycles while retaining approximately 1/15 the firmness. HEP treatment reduced the coefficient of viscosity to less than 1/20 of NB . Stress increased abruptly with compression of post‐mastication NB samples, while a lower increase was observed for HEPB . Disintegration tests revealed fewer residues for HEPB .HEPB demonstrated sufficient softness, good deformability and quick water dispersibility while retaining the same shape as NB . Practical Application With these features, beef made using the homogeneous enzyme permeation method is expected to expand the applicability of oral nutrition and help establish a new approach to nutritional management for people with difficulty masticating. This technology has already been used for food products named “ iEat ” ( E N O tsuka P harmaceutical Co ., L td., J apan), which are produced for patients with masticatory difficulties.