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Characteristics and outcomes of patients on concurrent direct oral anticoagulants and targeted anticancer therapies—TacDOAC registry: Communication from the ISTH SSC Subcommittee on Hemostasis and Malignancy
Author(s) -
Wang TzuFei,
Baumann Kreuziger Lisa,
Leader Avi,
Spectre Galia,
Lim Ming Y.,
Gahagan Andrew,
Gangaraju Radhika,
Sanfilippo Kristen M.,
Mallick Ranjeeta,
Zwicker Jeffrey I.,
Carrier Marc
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.947
H-Index - 178
eISSN - 1538-7836
pISSN - 1538-7933
DOI - 10.1111/jth.15367
Subject(s) - medicine , anaplastic lymphoma kinase , cancer , cumulative incidence , atrial fibrillation , oncology , gastroenterology , lung cancer , cohort , malignant pleural effusion
Background Cancer patients are increasingly prescribed direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) and targeted anticancer therapies, but limited data are available on the outcomes during concurrent use. Objectives We conducted an international registry through the Scientific and Standardization Committee of the ISTH to evaluate the characteristics, bleeding, and thrombotic outcomes in patients receiving concurrent DOACs and targeted anticancer therapies. Patients/Methods Patients receiving concurrent DOACs for venous thromboembolism (VTE) or atrial fibrillation and selected targeted anticancer therapies were followed for 6 months after the start of concurrent use. Data including patient and cancer characteristics, major bleeding, non‐major bleeding events, and venous or arterial thromboses were collected. Results Two hundred and two patients were included from six institutions in the United States and Israel. The most common malignancies were hematologic ( N = 57, 28.2%), followed by breast ( N = 50, 24.8%) and lung ( N = 44, 21.8%). The most common anticancer therapies were epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) inhibitors ( N = 43, 21.3%), followed by Bruton’s tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors ( N = 42, 20.8%) and palbociclib ( N = 42, 20.8%). During follow‐up, there were 9 major bleeding and 12 non‐major bleeding events, corresponding to cumulative incidences of 4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2–8%) and 6% (95% CI: 3–10%), respectively. The cumulative incidence of major bleeding events was highest in BTK inhibitor users (10%). There were 3 VTE and 2 arterial thromboses, corresponding to cumulative incidences of 1.5% (95% CI: 0.4–4.0%) and 1.0% (95% CI: 0.2–3.3%), respectively. Conclusions In this cohort receiving concurrent DOACs and targeted anticancer therapies, the incidence of bleeding is higher compared to thrombosis, particularly with BTK inhibitors. Future larger prospective studies are needed.