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Transgender patients and the role of the coagulation clinician
Author(s) -
Connors Jean M.,
Middeldorp Saskia
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.947
H-Index - 178
eISSN - 1538-7836
pISSN - 1538-7933
DOI - 10.1111/jth.14626
Subject(s) - transgender , medicine , referral , hormone therapy , hormonal therapy , intensive care medicine , family medicine , psychology , cancer , breast cancer , psychoanalysis
Abstract The medical care of transgender patients relies on the use of sex hormones to develop and maintain the physical characteristics consistent with gender identity as the first step in transitioning. Hormonal therapy is usually continued indefinitely, even following gender‐affirming surgeries. The use of hormonal treatments is associated with a multitude of positive effects as well as complications and side effects. The risk of venous thromboembolism ( VTE ) is a major concern. Transgender patients are often referred to coagulation specialists for advice regarding an individual patient's risk for VTE , especially if there is a personal or family history of VTE . Coagulation specialists need to be familiar with endocrine therapy including the goals of treatment and the VTE risks associated with currently used hormone regimens. We will review common referral questions and the available data and their limitations for the use of hormonal therapy in transgender patients focusing on the risk of VTE .