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Impact of vascular thromboxane prostanoid receptor activation on hemostasis, thrombosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation
Author(s) -
Capra V.,
Bäck M.,
Angiolillo D. J.,
Cattaneo M.,
Sakariassen K. S.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of thrombosis and haemostasis
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.947
H-Index - 178
eISSN - 1538-7836
pISSN - 1538-7933
DOI - 10.1111/jth.12472
Subject(s) - thromboxane receptor , thromboxane a2 , thromboxane , inflammation , platelet activation , prostanoid , platelet , endocrinology , medicine , receptor , thromboxane a synthase , autocrine signalling , oxidative stress , prostacyclin
Summary The activation of thromboxane prostanoid ( TP ) receptor on platelets, monocytes/macrophages, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells ( SMC ) plays important roles in regulating platelet activation and vascular tone and in the pathogenesis of thrombosis and vascular inflammation. Oxidative stress and vascular inflammation increase the formation of TP receptor agonists, which promote initiation and progression of atherogenesis and thrombosis. Furthermore, TP receptor activation promotes angiogenesis and vessel wall constriction. Besides thromboxane A 2 and its endoperoxide precursors, prostaglandin G 2 and H 2 , isoprostanes, and 20‐hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid also activate TP receptor as autocrine or paracrine ligands. These additional TP activators play a role in pathological conditions such as diabetes, obesity, and hypertension, and their biosynthesis is not inhibited by aspirin, at variance with that of thromboxane A 2 . The understanding of TP receptor function increased our current knowledge of the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and thrombosis, highlighting the great impact that this receptor has in cardiovascular disorders.