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Sleep‐disordered breathing in major depressive disorder
Author(s) -
Cheng Philip,
D. Casement Melynda,
Chen ChiauFang,
Hoffmann Robert F.,
Armitage Roseanne,
Deldin Patricia J.
Publication year - 2013
Publication title -
journal of sleep research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.297
H-Index - 117
eISSN - 1365-2869
pISSN - 0962-1105
DOI - 10.1111/jsr.12029
Subject(s) - polysomnography , sleep apnea , depression (economics) , medicine , obstructive sleep apnea , apnea , breathing , sleep disordered breathing , hypopnea , apnea–hypopnea index , major depressive disorder , sleep disorder , cardiology , anesthesia , psychiatry , insomnia , amygdala , economics , macroeconomics
Summary Individuals with major depressive disorder often experience obstructive sleep apnea. However, the relationship between depression and less severe sleep‐disordered breathing is unclear. This study examined the rate of sleep‐disordered breathing in depression after excluding those who had clinically significant sleep apnea (>5 apneas∙h −1 ). Archival data collected between 1991 and 2005 were used to assess the prevalence of sleep‐disordered breathing events in 60 (31 depressed; 29 healthy controls) unmedicated participants. Respiratory events were automatically detected using a program developed in‐house measuring thermal nasal air‐flow and chest pressure. Results show that even after excluding participants with clinically significant sleep‐disordered breathing, individuals with depression continue to exhibit higher rates of sleep‐disordered breathing compared with healthy controls (depressed group: apnea–hypopnea index mean = 0.524, SE = 0.105; healthy group: apnea–hypopnea index mean = 0.179, SE = 0.108). Exploratory analyses were also conducted to assess for rates of exclusion in depression studies due to sleep‐disordered breathing. Study exclusion of sleep‐disordered breathing was quantified based on self‐report during telephone screening, and via first night polysomnography. Results from phone screening data reveal that individuals reporting depression were 5.86 times more likely to report a diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea than presumptive control participants. Furthermore, all of the participants excluded for severe sleep‐disordered breathing detected on the first night were participants with depression. These findings illustrate the importance of understanding the relationship between sleep‐disordered breathing and depression, and suggest that screening and quantification of sleep‐disordered breathing should be considered in depression research.