Premium
The effect of induction with propofol or ketamine and diazepam on quality of anaesthetic recovery in dogs
Author(s) -
Reed R. A.,
Quandt J. E.,
Brainard B. M.,
Copeland J. E.,
Hofmeister E. H.
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of small animal practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.7
H-Index - 67
eISSN - 1748-5827
pISSN - 0022-4510
DOI - 10.1111/jsap.13063
Subject(s) - medicine , diazepam , propofol , anesthesia , ketamine , visual analogue scale , pain scale
Objective To evaluate the quality of recovery in dogs undergoing elective orthopaedic surgery induced with either propofol or a combination of ketamine and diazepam. Materials and Methods Sixty client‐owned dogs undergoing single‐limb elective orthopaedic procedures were enrolled. Dogs were randomly assigned to receive induction with propofol (4 mg/kg) (group P) or ketamine (5 mg/kg) with diazepam (0.25 mg/kg) (group KD) to which all scorers were blinded. The recovery monitoring period lasted for 1 hour following extubation. The recovery period was video‐recorded for blinded scoring at a later time. Scoring for quality of recovery was carried out using three different systems (lower numbers=better quality): a simple descriptive scale (1 to 5), a visual analogue scale (0 to 10 cm) and a numeric rating scale (0 to 10). Videos were reviewed by three ACVAA board‐certified anaesthesiologist raters. Results Five dogs were deemed to be ineligible. The mean (±SD) duration of anaesthesia was 260.4 ±57.84 minutes in group KD and 261.1 ±51.83 minutes in group P. There was no difference between groups for time to extubation, head lift or sternal recumbency. The number of dogs having a recovery that was scored overall as bad (mean simple descriptive scale > 4, mean visual analogue scale or numeric rating scale > 5) was not different between groups. Dogs in group KD had significantly lower scores than group P dogs (simple descriptive scale P=0.01, numeric rating scale P=0.03, visual analogue scale P=0.03). Clinical Significance Induction with ketamine and diazepam resulted in a smoother recovery from anaesthesia than induction with propofol.