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Evaluation of the effect of oleuropein on alveolar bone loss, inflammation, and apoptosis in experimental periodontitis
Author(s) -
Taskan Mehmet Murat,
Balci Yuce Hatice,
Karatas Ozkan,
Gevrek Fikret,
Toker Hülya
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/jre.12662
Subject(s) - oleuropein , periodontitis , dental alveolus , osteoclast , osteoblast , chemistry , bone resorption , alveolar macrophage , inflammation , medicine , endocrinology , dentistry , biochemistry , antioxidant , macrophage , receptor , in vitro
The Objective The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of oleuropein on ligature‐induced alveolar bone loss. In this respect, osteoblastic activity, osteoclastic activity, inflammatory markers, and apoptosis were evaluated. Background Oleuropein is a flavonoid, which has potent anti‐inflammatory and bone‐protective effects. Methods Thirty‐two Wistar rats were divided into four experimental groups as following: control (C, n = 8) group; periodontitis (P, n = 8) group; periodontitis and low‐dose oleuropein group (12 mg/kg/day oleuropein, LDO group, n = 8); and periodontitis and high‐dose oleuropein group (24 mg/kg/day oleuropein, HDO group, n = 8). Periodontitis was induced via ligatures. Study period was 14 days, and animals were sacrificed at end of this period. Mandibles were examined via a stereomicroscope and underwent histological procedures. Osteoblast, tartrate‐resistant acid phosphatase ( TRAP )‐positive osteoclast, and inflammatory cell counts were determined in hematoxylin‐eosin stained sections. Inducible nitric oxide synthase ( iNOS ), bone morphogenetic protein‐4, the cluster of differentiation ( CD )‐68, cysteine‐aspartic proteases‐3 (Caspase 3), and B‐cell lymphoma‐2 (Bcl‐2) expressions were evaluated via immunohistochemistry. Results Periodontitis group had highest alveolar bone loss, and these levels significantly decreased in LDO and HDO groups. Both 12 and 24 mg/kg oleuropein groups significantly increased osteoblast cell counts and decreased TRAP ‐positive osteoclast and inflammatory cell counts. BMP ‐4 and bcl‐2 expressions were elevated in oleuropein groups while caspase‐3 expressions decreased. iNOS and CD 68 were higher in periodontitis group compared to control group, but there was no significant difference between other groups. Conclusion Oleuropein successfully decreased alveolar bone loss as a result of decreased osteoclastic activity, inflammation, and apoptosis and increased osteoblastic activity.