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Wnt activity is associated with cementum‐type transition
Author(s) -
Bae C.H.,
Choi H.,
You H.K.,
Cho E.S.
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/jre.12396
Subject(s) - cementum , wnt signaling pathway , downregulation and upregulation , dental cementum , microbiology and biotechnology , mutant , chemistry , biology , pathology , signal transduction , biochemistry , dentin , medicine , gene
Background and Objective Cellular and acellular cementum and the cells that form them are postulated to have different characteristics, and the relationship between these two tissues is not well understood. Based on the hypothesis that Wnt signaling is involved in the determination of cementum type, we examined Wnt activity along the tooth root and analyzed cementum formation in genetic mutant models. Material and Methods We generated mutant models with Wnt signaling upregulation ( OC Catnb lox(ex3)/+ ), downregulation ( OC Wls fl/fl ), and a compound mutant ( Enpp1 asj/asj ; OC Catnb lox(ex3)/+ ) to compare cementum apposition patterns of ectonucleotide diphosphatase/phosphodiesterase ( Enpp1 ) mutant ( Enpp1 asj/asj ). The analysis of structural morphology and histology was performed with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining and scanning electron microscopy. Results The cementum type of upper apical region of tooth roots in the molar is altered from the cellular form at the initial stage to the acellular form at the late stage of cementum formation. However, the basal part of this apical region is not altered and retains cellular cementum characters with strong Wnt activity. In the genetic mutant models for Wnt upregulation, cellular cementum is formed at the cervical region instead of acellular cementum. However, Enpp1 mutant mice have clearly different characteristics with cellular‐type cementum even with dramatically increased cervical cementum matrix. In addition, we found that acellular‐type formation could be altered into cellular‐type formation by analyzing Wnt upregulation and compound mutant models. Conclusions Cementum type is not determined by its specific location and could be transformed with Wnt activity during cementum formation.