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T‐lymphocyte phenotype and function triggered by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is serotype‐dependent
Author(s) -
DíazZúñiga J.,
MelgarRodríguez S.,
Alvarez C.,
Monasterio G.,
Benítez A.,
Ciuchi P.,
Díaz C.,
Mardones J.,
Escobar A.,
Sanz M.,
Vernal R.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/jre.12270
Subject(s) - aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans , serotype , biology , foxp3 , cytokine , microbiology and biotechnology , lipopolysaccharide , immunology , immune system , bacteria , porphyromonas gingivalis , genetics
Background and Objective Based on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) antigenicity, different Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans serotypes have been described. Serotype b strains have demonstrated a stronger capacity to trigger cytokine production on dendritic cells (DCs). As DCs regulate the development of T‐lymphocyte lineages, the objective of this investigation was to study the response of T lymphocytes after being stimulated with autologous DCs primed with different bacterial strains belonging to the most prevalent serotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans in humans: a–c. Material and Methods Human DCs were primed with increasing multiplicity of infection (10 −1 –10 2 ) or the purified LPS (10–50 ng/mL) of A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes a–c and then used to stimulate autologous naïve CD4 + T lymphocytes. The T‐helper (Th) type 1, Th2, Th17 and T‐regulatory transcription factors T‐bet, GATA‐3, RORC2 and Foxp3, which are the master‐switch genes implied in their specific differentiation, as well as T‐cell phenotype‐specific cytokine patterns were quantified by real‐time reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, the intracellular expression of T‐bet/interferon‐γ, GATA‐3/interleukin‐4, RORC2/interleukin‐17A and Foxp3/transforming growth factor‐β1 was analysed by double staining and flow cytometry. Results All the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotypes led to T‐lymphocyte activation; however, when T lymphocytes were stimulated with DCs primed with the A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype b strain or their purified LPS, higher levels of Th1‐ and Th17‐associated transcription factors and cytokines were detected compared with similar experiments with the other serotypes. Conclusion These results demonstrate that serotype b of A. actinomycetemcomitans has a higher capacity of trigger Th1 and Th17 phenotype and function and it was demonstrated that their LPS is a more potent immunogen compared with the other serotypes.