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Differentiation of human dental stem cells reveals a role for micro RNA ‐218
Author(s) -
Gay I.,
Cavender A.,
Peto D.,
Sun Z.,
Speer A.,
Cao H.,
Amendt B. A.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/jre.12086
Subject(s) - periodontal ligament stem cells , runx2 , stem cell , dental pulp stem cells , microbiology and biotechnology , homeobox protein nanog , cellular differentiation , microrna , biology , stem cell marker , immunology , induced pluripotent stem cell , alkaline phosphatase , embryonic stem cell , biochemistry , gene , enzyme
Background Regeneration of lost periodontium is the ultimate goal of periodontal therapy. Advances in tissue engineering have demonstrated the multilineage potential and plasticity of adult stem cells located in periodontal apparatus. However, it remains unclear how epigenetic mechanisms controlling signals determine tissue specification and cell lineage decisions. To date, no data are available on micro‐ RNA (mi RNA ) activity behind human‐derived dental stem cells (DSCs). Material and Methods In this study, we isolated periodontal ligament stem cells, dental pulp stem cells and gingival stem cells from extracted third molars; human bone marrow stem cells were used as a positive control. The expression of OCT 4A and NANOG was confirmed in these undifferentiated cells. All cells were cultured under osteogenic inductive conditions and RUNX 2 expression was analyzed as a marker of mineralized tissue differentiation. The mi RNA expression profile was obtained at baseline and after osteogenic induction in all cell types. Results The expression of RUNX 2 demonstrated successful osteogenic induction of all cell types, which was confirmed by alizarin red stain. The analysis of 765 mi RNA s demonstrated a shift in mi RNA expression that occurred in all four stem cell types, including a decrease in hsa‐mir‐218 across all differentiated cell populations. Hsa‐mir‐218 targets RUNX 2 and decreases RUNX 2 expression in undifferentiated human DSC s. DSC mineralized tissue type differentiation is associated with a decrease in hsa‐mir‐218 expression. Conclusion These data reveal a mi RNA ‐regulated pathway for the differentiation of human DSC s and a select network of human mi RNA s that control DSC osteogenic differentiation.