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α‐Amylase is a potential growth inhibitor of P orphyromonas gingivalis , a periodontal pathogenic bacterium
Author(s) -
Ochiai A.,
Harada K.,
Hashimoto K.,
Shibata K.,
Ishiyama Y.,
Mitsui T.,
Tanaka T.,
Taniguchi M.
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of periodontal research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.31
H-Index - 83
eISSN - 1600-0765
pISSN - 0022-3484
DOI - 10.1111/jre.12079
Subject(s) - porphyromonas gingivalis , microbiology and biotechnology , saliva , amylase , bacteria , cell , chemistry , pathogenic bacteria , antimicrobial , cell growth , growth inhibition , biology , enzyme , biochemistry , genetics
Background and Objective Porphyromonas gingivalis is a major etiological agent in the development and progression of periodontal diseases. In this study, we isolated a cell growth inhibitor against P . gingivalis species from rice protein extract. Material and Methods The cell growth inhibitor active against P . gingivalis was purified from polished rice extract using a six‐step column chromatography process. Its antimicrobial properties were investigated through microscope analysis, spectrum of activity and general structure. Results The inhibitor was identified as AmyI‐1, an α‐amylase, and showed significant cell growth inhibitory activity against P . gingivalis species. Scanning electron microscopy micrograph analysis and bactericidal assay indicated an intriguing possibility that the inhibitor compromises the cell membrane structure of the bacterial cells and leads to cell death. Moreover, α‐amylases from human saliva and porcine pancreas showed inhibitory activity similar to that of A myI‐1. Conclusions This is the first study to report that α‐amylases cause cell death of periodontal pathogenic bacteria. This finding highlights the potential importance and therapeutic potential of α‐amylases in treating periodontal diseases.